The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with isobutane and with NH₃ was studied over Fe-MFI catalysts which differ strongly in Brønsted acidity but are similar in Fe content and structure of Fe sites, having shown similar activity in N₂O decomposition in related work. The catalysts were prepared by exchange of Na-ZSM-5 (Si/Al ca. 14) with Fe²⁺ ions formed in situ by acidic dissolution of Fe powder and by steam extraction of framework iron from Fe-silicalite or from H-[Fe]-ZSM-5 (Si/Al ca. 30). The characterization of acidic properties by ammonia TPD and by IR of adsorbed pyridine at different temperatures revealed marked differences in acidity between exchanged and steam-activated samples, the latter being (almost) void of strong Brønsted sites. The structural similarity of the iron sites was confirmed by UV-Vis and EPR spectroscopic results. The weakly acidic samples were inferior both in isobutane-SCR and in ammonia-SCR. With isobutane, dramatic differences over the whole range of parameters studied imply a vital role of Brønsted acidity in the reaction mechanism (e.g. in isobutane activation). In NH₃-SCR, large reaction rates were achieved with non-acidic catalysts as well, but a promoting effect of acidity was noted for catalysts that contain the iron in the most favorable site structure (oligomeric Fe oxo clusters). This suggests that an acid-catalyzed step (e.g. the decomposition of NH₄NO₂) may be rate-limiting at low temperatures.