Organic solar cells based on a series of water-soluble zinc phthalocyanines (wsZnPc) with varying numbers of sulfonate peripheral substituents and a C60 donor have been fabricated and characterised. We find that the number of substituents affects both the Voc and Jsc of the devices, with the disulfonated wsZnPc devices performing best.
![Small molecule solar cells based on a series of water-soluble zinc phthalocyanine donors](https://www.iciq.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Small-molecule-solar-cells_6094.gif)