Small molecule solar cells based on a series of water-soluble zinc phthalocyanine donors

Organic solar cells based on a series of water-soluble zinc phthalocyanines (wsZnPc) with varying numbers of sulfonate peripheral substituents and a C₆₀ donor have been fabricated and characterised. We find that the number of substituents affects both the Voc and Jsc of the devices, with the disulfonated wsZnPc devices performing best.